catalytic activity:L-glutamine + H(2)O = L-glutamate + NH(3).,function:Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for the renal catabolism of glutamine.,similarity:Belongs to the glutaminase family.,similarity:Contains 1 ANK repeat.,tissue specificity:KGA is expressed predominantly in brain and kidney but not in liver, GAC is expressed principally in cardiac muscle and pancreas but not in liver or brain, and GAM is expressed solely in cardiac and skeletal muscle.,
[Isoform 1]: Mitochondrion . Cytoplasm, cytosol . The 74-kDa cytosolic precursor is translocated into the mitochondria and processed via a 72-kDa intermediate to yield the mature 68- and 65-kDa subunits. .; [Isoform 3]: Mitochondrion .; [Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 68 kDa chain]: Mitochondrion matrix . Produced by the proteolytic processing of the 74-kDa cytosolic precursor. .; [Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 65 kDa chain]: Mitochondrion matrix . Produced by the proteolytic processing of the 74-kDa cytosolic precursor. .
Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are detected in brain cortex. Isoform 3 is highly expressed in astrocytoma, ganglioglioma and ependymoma. Isoform 1 is highly expressed in brain and kidney, but not detected in liver. Isoform 3 is highly expressed in heart and pancreas, detected at lower levels in placenta, lung, pancreas and kidney, but is not detected in liver. Isoform 2 is expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle.
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