Subunit of non-clathrin- and clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-3 appears to be involved in the sorting of a subset of transmembrane proteins targeted to lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles. In concert with the BLOC-1 complex, AP-3 is required to target cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals.
Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle membrane ; Peripheral membrane protein ; Cytoplasmic side . Golgi apparatus . Component of the coat surrounding the cytoplasmic face of coated vesicles located at the Golgi complex. .
Isoform 1 expression is specific to nervous system. Expressed in nerve terminal and cell body, and is associated with nerve-terminal vesicles. Expression seen in Purkinje cells, cortical neurons, neuroectodermal tumors and graded in cerebral cortex (deeper layers exhibit stronger expression) (PubMed:1851215). Isoform 2 is expressed at high levels in brain and testis (PubMed:17453999).
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