Activates macrophages and polarizes them into M1-like macrophages through the activation of the MAPK and NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Upon activation, up-regulates the expression of CD80, CD86, CD69 and MHC II on macrophages, and induces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, IL1B, IL6, CCL2 and nitric oxide (By similarity). May play a role in inhibition of proliferation and migration .
Cell membrane ; Single-pass membrane protein .
Expressed in renal cells (at protein level) (PubMed:29131025). Expressed in epithelial cells (PubMed:30456879).
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