Non-essential component of the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC, also named VSOAC channel), an anion channel required to maintain a constant cell volume in response to extracellular or intracellular osmotic changes . The VRAC channel conducts iodide better than chloride and can also conduct organic osmolytes like taurine . Plays a redundant role in the efflux of amino acids, such as aspartate and glutamate, in response to osmotic stress . The VRAC channel also mediates transport of immunoreactive cyclic dinucleotide GMP-AMP (2'-3'-cGAMP), an immune messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol . Channel activity requires LRRC8A plus at least one other family member (LRRC8B, LRRC8C, LRRC8D or LRRC8E); channel characteristics depend on the precise subunit composition .
Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . Endoplasmic reticulum membrane . In the absence of LRRC8A, resides primarily in a cytoplasmic compartment, probably the endoplasmic reticulum. Requires LRRC8A for expression at the cell membrane. .
Expressed at highest levels in skeletal muscle, and at moderate levels in heart, lung and peripheral blood leukocytes.
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