domain:Interacts with CIAS1/PYPAF1 and PYDC1 via the DAPIN domain.,function:Promotes caspase-mediated apoptosis. This proapoptotic activity is mediated predominantly through the activation of caspase 9. May be a component of the inflammasome, a protein complex which also includes NALP2, CARD8 and CASP1 and whose function would be the activation of proinflammatory caspases.,miscellaneous:In breast tumorigenesis, methylation-mediated silencing may affect genes and proteins that act as positive mediators of cell death.,PTM:Phosphorylated.,similarity:Contains 1 CARD domain.,similarity:Contains 1 DAPIN domain.,subcellular location:Upstream of caspase activation, a redistribution from the cytoplasm to the aggregates occurs. These appear as hollow, perinuclear spherical, ball-like structures.,subunit:Forms complexes with other DAPIN domain-containing proteins. Interacts with CIAS1/PYPAF1 and PYDC1.,tissue specificity:Widely expressed at low levels. Detected in peripheral blood leukocytes, lung, small intestine, spleen, thymus, colon and at lower levels in placenta, liver and kidney. Very low expression in skeletal muscle, heart and brain. Detected in the leukemia cell lines HL-60 and U937, but not in Jurkat T-cell lymphoma and Daudi Burkitt's lymphoma. Detected in the melanoma cell line WM35, but not in WM793. Not detected in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells and Molt 4 lymphocytic leukemia cells.,
Cytoplasm . Inflammasome . Endoplasmic reticulum . Mitochondrion . Nucleus . Upstream of caspase activation, a redistribution from the cytoplasm to the aggregates occurs. These appear as hollow, perinuclear spherical, ball-like structures (PubMed:11103777, PubMed:12191486, PubMed:15030775). Upon NLRP3 inflammasome activation redistributes to the perinuclear space localizing to endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria (PubMed:12191486, PubMed:15030775). Localized primarily to the nucleus in resting monocytes/macrophages and rapidly redistributed to the cytoplasm upon pathogen infection (PubMed:19234215). Localized to large cytoplasmic aggregate appearing as a speck containing AIM2, PYCARD, CASP8 and bacterial DNA after infection with Francisella tularensis (By similarity). .; Golgi apparatus membrane . (Microbial infection) Upon HRSV infection, the protein is mainly located in lipid rafts in the Golgi membrane. .
Widely expressed at low levels. Detected in peripheral blood leukocytes, lung, small intestine, spleen, thymus, colon and at lower levels in placenta, liver and kidney. Very low expression in skeletal muscle, heart and brain. Expressed in lung epithelial cells (at protein level) (PubMed:23229815). Detected in the leukemia cell lines HL-60 and U-937, but not in Jurkat T-cell lymphoma and Daudi Burkitt's lymphoma. Detected in the melanoma cell line WM35, but not in WM793. Not detected in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells and MOLT-4 lymphocytic leukemia cells.
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