cofactor:FAD.,cofactor:Magnesium.,developmental stage:Expressed in fetal tissues.,enzyme regulation:Activated by calcium which induces conformational changes and interaction between the N-terminal regulatory region and the C-terminal catalytic region. Inhibited by diphenylene iodonium.,function:Calcium-dependent NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide. Also functions as a calcium-dependent proton channel and may regulate redox-dependent processes in lymphocytes and spermatozoa. May play a role in cell growth and apoptosis.,induction:Down-regulated by TGFB1.,miscellaneous:Isoforms 3 and 4 of this protein have four functional calcium-binding sites. Isoforms 1 and 2 have the third EF-hand domain interrupted by an insert.,similarity:Contains 1 FAD-binding FR-type domain.,similarity:Contains 1 ferric oxidoreductase domain.,similarity:Contains 4 EF-hand domains.,tissue specificity:Mainly expressed in pachytene spermatocytes of testis and in lymphocyte-rich areas of spleen and lymph nodes. Isoform 3 is expressed in spleen. Isoform 4 is expressed in testis. Also detected in ovary, placenta, pancreas, cardiac fibroblasts. Expressed in B-cells and prostate malignant cells.,
Membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .; [Isoform v2]: Endoplasmic reticulum.; [Isoform v5]: Endoplasmic reticulum.
Mainly expressed in pachytene spermatocytes of testis and in lymphocyte-rich areas of spleen and lymph nodes. Isoform v1 is expressed in spleen. Isoform v2 is expressed in testis. Also detected in ovary, placenta, pancreas, cardiac fibroblasts. Expressed in B-cells and prostate malignant cells. Isoform v1 and isoform v3 are expressed in epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Isoform v2 and isoform v4 are expressed in endothelial cells. Isoform v1, isoform v2, isoform v3 and isoform v4 are expressed in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Isoform v2 and isoform v5 are expressed in microvascular endothelial cells (at protein level).
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