catalytic activity:Endopeptidase of broad specificity.,cofactor:Binds 1 zinc ion.,domain:The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.,function:Cleaves the membrane-bound precursor of TNF-alpha at '76-Ala-|-Val-77' to its mature soluble form. Responsible for the proteolytic release of several other cell-surface proteins, including heparin-binding epidermal growth-like factor, ephrin-A2 and for constitutive and regulated alpha-secretase cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Contributes to the normal cleavage of the cellular prion protein. Involved in the cleavage of the adhesion molecule L1 at the cell surface and in released membrane vesicles, suggesting a vesicle-based protease activity. Controls also the proteolytic processing of Notch and mediates lateral inhibition during neurogenesis.,induction:In osteoarthritis affected-cartilage.,PTM:The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.,similarity:Contains 1 disintegrin domain.,similarity:Contains 1 peptidase M12B domain.,subcellular location:Is localized in the plasma membrane but is predominantly expressed in the Golgi apparatus and in released membrane vesicles derived likely from the Golgi.,subunit:Interacts with ephrin-A2.,tissue specificity:Expressed in spleen, lymph node, thymus, peripheral blood leukocyte, bone marrow, cartilage, chondrocytes and fetal liver.,
Cell membrane ; Single-pass type I membrane protein . Golgi apparatus membrane ; Single-pass type I membrane protein . Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle . Cell projection, axon . Cell projection, dendrite . Cell junction, adherens junction . Cytoplasm . Is localized in the plasma membrane but is also expressed in the Golgi apparatus and in clathrin-coated vesicles derived likely from the Golgi (PubMed:12475894). During long term depression, it is recruited to the cell membrane by DLG1 (PubMed:23676497). The immature form is mainly located near cytoplasmic fibrillar structures, while the mature form is predominantly located at zonula adherens and the cell membrane (PubMed:30463011). The localization and clustering of mature ADAM10 to zonula adherens is regulated by AFDN, TSPAN33, PLEKHA7 and PDZD11 (PubMed:30463011). .
Expressed in the brain (at protein level) (PubMed:23676497). Expressed in spleen, lymph node, thymus, peripheral blood leukocyte, bone marrow, cartilage, chondrocytes and fetal liver (PubMed:11511685, PubMed:9016778).
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