disease:Defects in USH2A are the cause of retinitis pigmentosa type 39 (RP39) [MIM:268000]. RP leads to degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well. RP39 inheritance is autosomal recessive.,disease:Defects in USH2A are the cause of Usher syndrome type 2A (USH2A) [MIM:276901]. USH is a genetically heterogeneous condition characterized by the association of retinitis pigmentosa and sensorineural deafness. Age at onset and differences in auditory and vestibular function distinguish Usher syndrome type 1 (USH1), Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) and Usher syndrome type 3 (USH3). USH2 is characterized by congenital mild hearing impairment with normal vestibular responses.,domain:The PDZ-binding motif probably mediates the association with some of the PDZ domains of USH1C and WHRN.,function:Involved in hearing and vision.,similarity:Contains 1 laminin N-terminal domain.,similarity:Contains 10 laminin EGF-like domains.,similarity:Contains 2 laminin G-like domains.,similarity:Contains 35 fibronectin type-III domains.,subcellular location:Probable component of the interstereocilia ankle links in the inner ear sensory cells.,subunit:Interacts with collagen IV and fibronectin via its laminin EGF-like domains. Interaction with collagen may be required for stable integration into the basement membrane. Interacts with USH1C and WHRN.,tissue specificity:Present in the basement membrane of many, but not all tissues. Expressed in retina, cochlea, small and large intestine, pancreas, bladder, prostate, esophagus, trachea, thymus, salivary glands, placenta, ovary, fallopian tube, uterus and testis. Absent in many other tissues such as heart, lung, liver, kidney and brain. In the retina, it is present in the basement membranes in the Bruch's layer choroid capillary basement membranes, where it localizes just beneath the retinal pigment epithelial cells (at protein level). Weakly expressed. Isoform 2 is expressed in fetal eye, cochlea and heart, and at very low level in brain, CNS, intestine, skeleton, tongue, kidney and lung. Isoform 2 is not expressed in stomach and liver. In adult tissues, isoform 2 is expressed in neural retina and testis, and at low level in brain, heart, kidney and liver. Isoform 1 displays a similar pattern of expression but is expressed at very low level in fetal cochlea.,
Cell projection, stereocilium membrane ; Single-pass type I membrane protein . Component of the interstereocilia ankle links in the inner ear sensory cells. In photoreceptors, localizes at a plasma membrane microdomain in the apical inner segment that surrounds the connecting cilia called periciliary membrane complex. .; [Isoform 2]: Secreted.
Present in the basement membrane of many, but not all tissues. Expressed in retina, cochlea, small and large intestine, pancreas, bladder, prostate, esophagus, trachea, thymus, salivary glands, placenta, ovary, fallopian tube, uterus and testis. Absent in many other tissues such as heart, lung, liver, kidney and brain. In the retina, it is present in the basement membranes in the Bruch's layer choroid capillary basement membranes, where it localizes just beneath the retinal pigment epithelial cells (at protein level). Weakly expressed. Isoform 2 is expressed in fetal eye, cochlea and heart, and at very low level in brain, CNS, intestine, skeleton, tongue, kidney and lung. Isoform 2 is not expressed in stomach and liver. In adult tissues, isoform 2 is expressed in neural retina and testis, and at low level in brain, heart, kidney and liver. Isoform 1 displays a similar pattern of expression but is expressed at very low level in fetal cochlea.
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