function:May be a survival factor for hippocampal and mesencephalic neurons. The shedded form up-regulates cancer cell proliferation, probably by promoting ERK1/2 phosphorylation.,induction:Down-regulated in tumor cell lines in response to a high level of methylation in the 5' region. The CpG island methylation correlates with TMEFF2 silencing in tumor cell lines.,PTM:A soluble form (TMEFF2-ECD) is produced by proteolytic shedding. This shedding can be induced by phorbol ester or proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFalpha, and is mediated by ADAM17.,PTM:N-glycosylated. Contains chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans.,sequence caution:Contaminating sequence. Mitochondrial contamination starting in position 361.,similarity:Belongs to the tomoregulin family.,similarity:Contains 1 EGF-like domain.,similarity:Contains 2 Kazal-like domains.,tissue specificity:Highly expressed in adult and fetal brain, spinal cord and prostate. Expressed in all brain regions except the pituitary gland, with highest levels in amygdala and corpus callosum. Expressed in the pericryptal myofibroblasts and other stromal cells of normal colonic mucosa. Expressed in prostate carcinoma. Down-regulated in colorectal cancer. Present in Alzheimer disease plaques (at protein level). Isoform 3 is expressed weakly in testis and at high levels in normal and cancerous prostate.,
[Isoform 1]: Membrane ; Single-pass type I membrane protein .; [Isoform 2]: Membrane ; Single-pass type I membrane protein .; [Isoform 3]: Secreted.
Highly expressed in adult and fetal brain, spinal cord and prostate. Expressed in all brain regions except the pituitary gland, with highest levels in amygdala and corpus callosum. Expressed in the pericryptal myofibroblasts and other stromal cells of normal colonic mucosa. Expressed in prostate carcinoma. Down-regulated in colorectal cancer. Present in Alzheimer disease plaques (at protein level). Isoform 3 is expressed weakly in testis and at high levels in normal and cancerous prostate.
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