disease:NPSR1 is associated with susceptibility to asthma and elevated serum IgE levels [MIM:608584]. Polymorphisms may influence the development of asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in adult, and are significantly associated with allergic sensitization and rhinoconjunctivis, as well as asthma in children.,function:May be active in signaling pathway in an autocrine or paracrine fashion in several tissues. Receptor for neuropeptide S, it may mediate its action, such as inhibitory effects, on cell growth. Involved in pathogenesis of asthma and other IgE-mediated diseases.,miscellaneous:Only isoforms with 7 transmembrane topology (isoform 1, isoform 3 and isoform 4) are transported into the plasma membrane in transfected cells, while the truncated ones retain intracellular compartments.,similarity:Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.,tissue specificity:Ubiquitous. Isoform 1 is predominantly expressed in smooth muscle, and isoform 4 is predominantly expressed in epithelial cells. In bronchial biopsies, isoform 4 is expressed in smooth muscle cells of asthma patients, but not in control patients; whereas in epithelial cells, isoform 4 expression is consistently stronger in asthma patients.,
[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .; [Isoform 3]: Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .; [Isoform 4]: Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .; [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm .; [Isoform 5]: Cytoplasm .; [Isoform 6]: Cytoplasm .; [Isoform 7]: Cytoplasm .; [Isoform 9]: Cytoplasm .
Isoform 4 is ubiquitous; it is detected in glandular epithelia of bronchus, stomach, small intestine, colon, uterus, esophagus, spleen, kidney, pancreas, prostate and breast. Isoform 1 is detected in uterus, colon and prostate, and in the smooth muscle cell layer in bronchial and arterial walls (at protein level) (PubMed:15947423). Isoform 1 is predominantly expressed in smooth muscle. Isoform 4 is predominantly expressed in epithelial cells. In bronchial biopsies, it is expressed in smooth muscle cells of asthma patients, but not in control patients; whereas in epithelial cells, its expression is consistently stronger in asthma patients.
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